7/6/2023 0 Comments Hard west mining guide![]() ![]() SD contains high levels of sulphate at neutral pH without significant metal concentrations and saline drainage’s principal dissolved constituents then are sulphate, magnesium, and calcium ions.Īlthough the water quality resulting from sulphide mineral oxidation does not lend itself to precise compartmentalization, the accompanying chart illustrates the various types of drainage (Figure 1-1). NMD is characterized by elevated metals in solution at near neutral pH. In addition to ARD, neutral mine drainage or saline drainage may result from the oxidation process where there are sufficient base minerals to neutralize the ARD. The drainage produced from the oxidation process may be neutral to acidic, with or without dissolved heavy metals, but such drainage always contains sulphate.ĪRD results from a series of reactions and stages that usually progress from near neutral to more acidic pH conditions (see Chapter 2). Activities that involve the excavation of rock with sulphide minerals, such as mining, accelerate the process because such activities increase the exposure of sulphide minerals to air, water, and microorganisms. The target audience is adapted from a model developed by the PIRAMID Consortium (2003).Īcid rock drainage is formed by the natural oxidation of sulphide minerals, together with reactions of the base minerals in the rock, which are exposed to air and water. The GARD Guide is a technical document designed primarily for a scientist or engineer with a reasonable background in chemistry and the basics of engineering with little specific knowledge of ARD. Governments (national regulatory or land management agencies, IFC, World Bank, regional development agencies etc.).The GARD Guide will be of interest to the following: The GARD Guide is intended as a state-of-practice summary of the best practices and technology to assist mine operators, excavators, and regulators to address issues related to sulphide mineral oxidation. Some of the approaches in the GARD Guide are also relevant to issues arising from reactive non-sulphide minerals. While focused on mining, the technology described will be helpful to those practitioners that encounter sulphide minerals in other activities (e.g., rock cuts, excavations, tunnels). The GARD Guide also addresses metal leaching caused by sulphide mineral oxidation. This GARD Guide deals with the prediction, prevention, and management of drainage produced from sulphide mineral oxidation, often termed “acid rock drainage” (ARD), “saline drainage” (SD), “acid mine drainage” or “acid and metalliferous drainage” (AMD), “mining influenced water” (MIW), and “neutral mine drainage” (NMD). Access and use of the GARD Guide is granted by INAP under certain conditions. For further information or to provide comments and contributions to updates of the Guide, please contact: INAP at of this Global Acid Rock Drainage Guide (GARD Guide) was sponsored by the International Network for Acid Prevention (INAP) with the support of the Global Alliance.Property of the International Network for Acid Prevention (INAP).
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